Choose the correct verb form in parentheses in each of the following sentences. building groynes, or human factors that influence coastal erosion in a negative way e.g. Location 1 have steeper decline/rate of erosion Beach Nourishment and Protection. e.g. Another human impact could be fishing. (ed. In many areas, factory fishing has destroyed local fish stocks, leaving too few adults to breed for the future. What also flows in the drains is dog poo. Comprehensive introduction to human-landscape interactions from preindustrial to postmodern eras. Assessment of the level of positive impacts ), Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology, and Geoarchaeology. The content will depend upon the example or examples given but there are a number of threads that will be common for credit. growth of embryo dunes Some students may also identify the low energy features of the landscape and will highlight the beach as the main characteristic landform of this particular environment. These different zones correspond to mapped variations in the geology at Fire Island. There graph shows distinct zones that could be used to identify patterns. They are a vital part of maintaining our beaches as they absorb the impact. AO2. Knowledge and understanding of the positive impacts of these processes on human activity e.g. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. AO1 Material from beach can be transported to other beaches, 17. Landforms include headlands, cliffs and wave-cut platforms. CERC, 1984. AO2 There are even implications now as they add more sand. Climate change. Virtually all Ocean habitats have been affected in some way via drilling or mining, dredging for aggregates for concrete and other building materials, destructive anchoring, removal of corals and land reclamation. The first reason why the beaches are eroding is because of rock jetties. reference to conditions of formation - depth, light, currents Having said this, physical factors also have significant impacts across coastal landscapes. (a) (i) Use Figure 2 to describe variations in the percentage of properties at risk from coastal erosion and flooding. Knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of one landform of coastal deposition water locked into glaciers (c) Outline how coastal sediment is transported by traction. Knowledge and understanding of the processes of coastal transport - suspension, saltation and traction. The waves, wind, tides and currents all play a part in the mechanism that is coastal erosion. Despite the negativity surrounding the current state of our Ocean, the good news is that its not too late to turn things around. Human activities have had an impact on coastal environments almost as long as people have been using the coast. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 175, pp. "To fail the Amazon is to fail the biosphere, and we fail to act at our own peril." #amazon #humanimpact #agriculture #deforestation #landusechange Candidates may make arguments, using evidence, to show that positive impacts on human activity outweigh negative impacts or conversely that negative impacts outweigh the positive. More businesses are becoming involved in circular economy models this means that more materials are reused, shared, repaired, refurbished, remanufactured and recycled; thereby creating a closed system and minimising the use of new resources. Identification of individual groups? how the strategy modifies process It is not possible to completely stop the power of natural forces from changing the coast. rise in sea level (slowly/over a long period of time) - Sub-aerial processes are a combination of weathering as mass movement. Davis, R.A., 1989. This is more than half the world's population. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The growing global population has lead to urbanisation which has had intentional and unintentional impacts on the landscape. [10]. Answers need to link elements of content below to formation of the reef - how they are related to the development of the reef. (a) Label Figure 1b to explain the processes responsible for the formation of landform X. [10]. 15. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. knowledge and understanding of the reasons why a management strategy is required such as erosion of coastal dunes by tourists, destruction of coral reefs, erosion as a consequence of the use of groynes knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of the management strategy which could include physical structures and operations sequestration is a nature-based solution to environmental problems caused by climate change and has a significant positive impact on the planet and human well-being. meltwater moves to oceans Human Activities that Affect the Ecosystem. 1. -Colour of land, the importance of factors such as wave characteristics (such as fetch, wave type and wave orientation) Your answer should include: Swimming / Living / Sunbathing. the development of dramatic scenery by erosional processes may attract tourists and lead to the development of a tourist industry The swash zone is the area of wet sand, caused by the incoming wave. Location 1 1960 - Location 2 1969 advancement [3], definition of fetch [1 max] (b) Outline one positive impact of coastal processes on human activity. The high cost of London properties has caused for businesses to move out towards the coast, Many UK coastal resorts have universities and young populations that allow companies to expand there. -Industrial, the importance of human intervention such as management strategies and sea level rise, 10. Distances between collection points? description of suspension, saltation and traction with link to grain size AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of depositional coastal landform(s) and the role of longshore drift, and other factors, in their formation. Beaches A lot of the seawalls and groins were buried in order to form the new beaches. Write the values for A, B and C in your answer booklet. Also a great place to retire examples include Bournemouth and Blackpool. Research shows that underwater noise from construction, shipping and naval vessels significantly impacts the natural behaviour of cetaceans and many other marine species. the changing role of wind with distance inland Field sketches can also provide similar information and can particularly show the differences between the shape of the area you are studying on different occasions, ie glacial retreat. the importance of erosional processes or sub-aerial processes Plastic microbeads in beauty products have been banned, ensuring tiny pieces of plastic cant enter the Ocean food chain. The growth of the Meat Free Monday movement is great for our Ocean. Climate change and its serious impacts Changes to the coastlines caused by human activity have exacerbated the effects of climate change . Humans interact with the world around us every day, but some of our actions are more harmful than others. debris fan at foot of the cliff AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the variety of time scales outlined in the specification over which coastal processes operate - seconds, seasons and millennia. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Answers may conclude that longshore drift has a major part or variable influence on the development of selected landform(s). The relationship between humans and their environment is a topic that engenders much debate. AO2 You have accepted additional cookies. The content may vary according to the landform but may include: Fishing nets get dumped all around the world because they have escaped or they have been cut off. (a) (i) Use Figure 1 to suggest how mass movement is influencing the development of this coastal landscape. National Research Council, 1995. (b) Explain why wind is important in the formation of coastal sand dunes. However, some may discuss the mudflats/saltmarshes behind the spit. Use of colour in key Coastal sediments 87. An examination of the role of other processes Aspects of the photograph addressed can be development of shape, position and process. (eds) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science. When answering 8 mark questions on usefulness and limitations need go through: Limitations: Focus is on differences in deposition rather than comparison of deposition and erosion. Dams built for flood control and water catchment along the rivers leading to these coasts inhibit the transport of large grained . New York: ASCE, Coastal Sediments 77, pp. Location 2 shows less fluctuation in rates of erosion (a) (i) Use Figure 1 to compare the shoreline changes shown at Location 1 and Location 2. Bays Damage to housing shown on photo The content may vary according to the landform but may include an examination of: News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Identification of individual groups. . 3.6 billion People live near or around a coast. Overstrand/Mundesley have the widest variety of processes provision of sediment as erosional tools Superimposition of circles makes interpretation difficult and confusing Knowledge and understanding of the processes operating over a time scale of millennia - isostatic and eustatic changes https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials Science. Examine the importance of different time scales in the formation of one or more coastal landforms. Development of barrier islands accessed by these causeways resulted in various types of construction that have negatively impacted on the coastal zone. Sands and gravels eroded from the shores of coastal bays maintain the beach as a natural barrier between the open water and coastal wetlands. Candidates could also consider other factors that affect coastal processes and landforms e.g. This realisation makes it all the more important that we take care of our environment, and our ever-expanding national Blue Belt, protecting more than 40% of English waters, is helping to safeguard these precious habitats for future generations. AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of how erosional, and other valid, processes produce landforms. The content will depend upon the impact chosen and may include: Protection of cliffs by a variety of management strategies - groynes, sea walls etc. Landforms that could be identified include fjords, rias or raised beaches. Click to reveal answer. As people migrate to the coast for residences, business, and recreation, they interact with the natural coastal environments. Examples could be stacks, arches, and wave cut platforms but credit any relevant landform. [8], AO1 An examination of changes over geographical space in the formation of the chosen coastal landform/s. Internationa Impacts of Development in India, Environmental Impacts of Development in India, Volcanoes in Different Parts of the World, Earthquakes in Different Parts of the World, Geology and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion, Climate and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion. Nash Point An examination of the role of one marine process in relation to other marine processes in the formation of one or more landforms. loamy sand Concerns arising from the pollution of coastal and marine waters from land based sources are well established. Through the implementation of the 25 Year Environment Plan, the UK continues to consider the need for further domestic protection, and is putting in place new management measures for Marine Protected Areas, including seeking new powers through the Fisheries Bill, which is currently before Parliament. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. [5]. knowledge and understanding of how structural geology influences the development of the selected landform(s) - this may include reference to mineral composition, solubility and hardness. As floodwater carries material from the eroded . Specific areas of sediment loss and gain should be identified to reach Band 3. e.g. AO1 Write the correct word in the space next to each definition. AO1 AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the positive impacts of human activity on the coastal landscape. Regional changes in temperature and precipitation are having impacts on people and ecosystems. Certain fishing practices not only contribute to overfishing of their target species, but also damage the environment by dredging the seabed or catching other species that are thrown back dead. Behind the sandy beach is the primary dune. [8], AO1 AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the positive impacts of human activity on the coastal landscape. Knowledge and understanding of the processes operating over a time scale of seasons - variations in wave type, variations in wind, flood pulses Relevant responses may include: AO2 Candidates should apply knowledge and understanding to evaluate the impacts of human activity on the coastal environment. magnitude of process changes with spatial scale ASCE, New York, pp 20622077, Lynch-Blosse MA, Davis RA (1977) Stability of Dunedin and Hurricane Passes, Pinellas County, Florida. Row of houses lost to the south of the caravan park, 14. All points on scale? This means that all our day to day rubbish that we drop or leave on the park bench ends up in the sea. natural colonization of dune systems to halt erosion The Human Impact on Coastal Landscape. (b) Discuss the view that coastal processes have a mainly positive impact on human activity. Headlands Erosion of the 12 apostles (only 9 left) has nothing to do with humans, where dramatic oil spill near coast ruins beaches, does have to do with humans. whether the reduction of impacts of human activity has been successful Many human activities take place on the coast; The effects of these may be: Direct or indirect; Positive or negative; Table of Impacts on Coasts. whether there has been improvement or reduction in the aesthetic character of the coast debris protects base of cliff from erosion Many countries have taken steps to ban single use plastic items like straws, drink stirrers and cotton buds. Long Island is famous for its sandy ocean beaches. Physical weathering/disintegration by such processes as freeze-thaw action, salt crystallisation, and wetting and drying. - large particles examination of supply of sediment - some places have greater inputs of sediment from rivers, cliffs etc This can be dangerous for kids and adults alike who are not careful when in the water, The erosion of shorelines is a natural process that can have beneficial or adverse impacts on the creation and maintenance of habitats. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. There are still trout but there are very few, from what there used to be. the relative importance of wind It was not long before attempts to control erosion resulted in various types of structures such as jetties, groins, and seawalls. - strength of winds This can be seen when mass beaching events occur or breeding success is diminished. 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