From here, it will be sent to different overseas markets. [31]:147, The project was first proposed in 2005 by the Calgary, Alberta-based TransCanada Corporation,[32] and was approved by Canada's National Energy Board in 2007. [224] However, while TransCanada had asserted that a set of 57conditions will ensure Keystone XL's safe operation, Anthony Swift of the Natural Resources Defense Council asserted that all but a few of these conditions simply restate current minimum standards. "[118] He went on to state that "approving this project would have undercut [the United States'] global leadership" on climate change. In contrast, the President of the Rosebud Sioux Nation, Cyril Scott, has stated that the November 14, 2014, vote in favor of the Keystone XL pipeline in the U.S. House of Representatives is an "act of war", declaring: We are outraged at the lack of intergovernmental cooperation. The people and the planet can claim more than a few victoriesand 2019 is looking better already. of State concerning Keystone XL pipeline, "Keystone XL Pipeline: About the project", "Senate Fails to Override Obama's Keystone Pipeline Veto", "GOP Threatens to Subpoena State Department", "TransCanada Requests Suspension of U.S. By that point, Keystone XL faced an unfriendly administration, numerous legal challenges, declining oil prices, worsening climate impacts, and a growing movement of climate organizersalong the pipelines route and around the worldunwilling to look the other way. U.S. Coast Guard Petty Officer Second Class Lauren Jorgensen. By Dennis Romero. On June 9, 2021, TC Energy abandoned plans for the Keystone XL Pipeline. [8], The leak raised concerns from environmentalists due to the transfer of tar sands through the pipeline, which are more toxic than crude oil and can sink in water. The statement of creating half a million jobs and millions of dollars in tax revenue for states is a diplomatic strategy to build support and turn opposition into their favor. Keystone XL would have crossed agriculturally important and environmentally sensitive areas, including hundreds of rivers, streams, aquifers, and water bodies. Dec. 14 2022, Published 4:37 p.m. But unfortunately, once this project finds its way, a few on-the-line projects like Cushing Extension and Seaway reversal will also come under development leading to a bigger disaster for America. The Keystone XL will transport oil from Canada to the Gulf coast, making it easier to trade with the overseas market. On July 6, 2020, in the US Army Corps of Engineers v. Northern Plains Resource Council case, the Supreme Court of the United States ordered all Keystone XL work be halted. update email soon. It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. This is a debate about whether you want to get your oil from Canada or Venezuela or Nigeria. [9], The price of crude oil rose 5% following the shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, before receding. The application was granted consideration. [241][242] The leak was the largest in the United States in nearly a decade. Organizer Bill McKibben said, "this has become not only the biggest environmental flash point in many, many years, but maybe the issue in recent times in the Obama administration when he's been most directly confronted by people in the street. In addition, TransCanada has submitted a secret document to the Canadian government that states that the KXL pipeline will cause a hike in gas prices in the Midwest. [86][87], In March 2020, the Premier of Alberta Jason Kenney, who campaigned on promoting the province's oil and gas industry and has promoted it by repealing the carbon tax and establishing an energy war room (Canadian Energy Centre),[88][89][90][91] announced that the UCP government was taking an "equity stake" and providing a "loan guarantee", which amounts to a "total financial commitment of just over $7 billion" to the Keystone XL project. The President said in Cushing, Oklahoma, on March 22, "Today, I'm directing my administration to cut through the red tape, break through the bureaucratic hurdles, and make this project a priority, to go ahead and get it done. [51][76][needs update], In November 2018, U.S. District Judge Brian Morris (District of Montana) enjoined construction of the pipeline and vacated the new permit because the policy reversal violated the Administrative Procedure Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, and the Endangered Species Act. Landowners in the path of the pipeline have complained about threats by TransCanada to confiscate private land and lawsuits to allow the "pipeline on their property even though the controversial project has yet to receive federal approval". The Tribes are asking the court to rescind the illegal issuance of the Keystone XL pipeline presidential permit.[199], Environmental concerns include the potential for air pollution, and for leaks and spills, that could pollute critical water supplies and cause harm to migratory birds and other wildlife. He states, Our resistance to the Keystone XL pipeline and other tar sand infrastructure is grounded in our inherent right to self-determination as indigenous peoples. [53], On November 10, 2011, the Department of State postponed a final decision while investigating "potential alternative routes around the Sandhills in Nebraska" in response to concerns that the project was not in the United States' national interest. The Keystone Pipeline System is an oil pipeline system in Canada and the United States, commissioned in 2010 and owned by TC EnergyAs of March 2020, the Government of Alberta. In the instance of the Keystone XL pipeline, there have been many protests and actions taken against the construction of the pipeline. Throughout the process, the US government and officials from the department of energy are seen favoring the project and a special group of people. Indigenous communities are also concerned with health risks posed by the extension of the Keystone pipeline. [133] In this article Wood refers to the pipeline as a black snake that poses a major threat to the Sioux Nation. In this case, people willing, hopeful, almost dying for him to be the Barack Obama of 2008. Yet somehow, the construction of pipelines remains a controversial topic. On March 17, 2008, during the final year of the Presidency of George W. Bush, the United States Department of State issued a Presidential Permit authorizing the construction, maintenance and operation of facilities at the United States and Canada border. OPINION: In the last few weeks, much of the rhetoric about energy has focused on President Biden's cancellation of the Keystone XL pipeline and his de facto suspension of new oil and gas leases. [138] The report prompted 14 senators and congressmen to ask the State Department inspector general on October 26, 2011 "to investigate whether conflicts of interest tainted the process" for reviewing environmental impact. The era of building fossil fuel pipelines without scrutiny of their potential impact on climate change and on local communities is over, Swift says. The surge occurred during a selloff of the price of oil, following the 20212022 global energy crisis. But immediately after taking office, President Donald Trump brought the zombie project back to life, along with the legal battles against it. As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. Without Keystone XL, the tar sands industry has been forced to cancel projects rather than shift to rail, subsequently leaving more of the earths dirtiest fuel in the ground where it belongs. [185] A broad coalition of protesters, including Phil Radford, Daryl Hannah,[186] Dave Heineman, Ben Nelson, Mike Johanns and Susie Tompkins Buell challenged him to keep that promise. [144] An investigation by the magazine Mother Jones revealed that the State Department had redacted the biographies of the study's authors to hide their previous contract work for TransCanada and other oil companies with an economic interest in the project. (Reuters) -Canada's TC Energy shut its Keystone pipeline in the United States after more than 14,000 barrels of crude oil spilled into a creek in . [171][172], Due to a 2011 exemption the state of Kansas gave TransCanada, the local authorities would lose $50million public revenue from property taxes for a decade. [269] It began reversed operations on May 17, 2012. Historic flooding recently inundated parts of the Cornhusker State where the proposed Keystone XL pipeline would pass through. [157] Diane Francis has argued that much of the opposition to the oil sands actually comes from foreign countries such as Nigeria, Venezuela, and Saudi Arabia, all of whom supply oil to the United States and who could be affected if the price of oil drops due to the new availability of oil from the pipeline. The mining depletes and pollutes freshwater resources, creates massive ponds of toxic waste, and threatens the health and livelihood of the First Nations people who live near them. [12] In response to a Freedom of Information Act request for route information, the Department of State revealed on June 24, 2013, that "Neither Cardno ENTRIX nor TransCanada ever submitted GIS information to the Department of State, nor was either corporation required to do so. 15 Fun Facts About Stray Kids | Entertainment. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. [notes 1][25] Phase III was opened on January 22, 2014, completing the pipeline path from Hardisty, Alberta to Nederland, Texas. By Tsvetana Paraskova - Dec 26, 2022, 3:30 AM CST TC Energy, the operator of the Keystone Pipeline, has received approval from the U.S. What some pipeline advocates think is the "Keystone Pipeline" is a 1,700-mile "shortcut" called Keystone XL, or KXL. However, "the presence of the pipeline, which offers an inexpensive way to move the oil to market, could increase the likelihood that companies would extract from the oil sands even when prices are low". [4][5][107] Oil producers in the U.S. pushed for this phase so the glut of oil can be distributed out of the large oil tank farms and distribution center in Cushing. [232][233] The pipeline was immediately shut down,[234] and TransCanada began using the pipe again 12 days after the leak. Many had hoped that the disastrous project was finally done for in November 2015, when the Obama administration vetoed the pipelineacknowledging its pervasive threats to climate, ecosystems, drinking water sources, and public health. The Keystone XL pipeline extension, proposed by TC Energy (then TransCanada) in 2008, was initially designed to transport the planets dirtiest fossil fuel, tar sands oil, to marketand fast. This pipeline project is supposed to connect oil sands in Alberta, Canada, to different cities, including Nebraska, Steele, and Gulf Coast. [177] A report by the Cornell University Global Labor Institute noted of the 2010 Enbridge Tar Oil Spill along the Kalamazoo River in Michigan: "The experience of Kalamazoo residents and businesses provides an insight into some of the ways a community can be affected by a tar sands pipeline spill. [60] The Senate had passed it 6236 on January 29,[61] and the House approved it 270152 on February 11. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. On January 9, 2015, the Nebraska Supreme Court cleared the way for construction, after Republican Governor Dave Heineman had approved of it in 2013. [214][215] Overall, the EPA rated the SEIS with their category "EO-2" (EO for "environmental objections" and 2 for "insufficient information"). A fourth, proposed pipeline expansion segment Phase IV, Keystone XL, failed to receive necessary permits from the United States federal government in 2015. ", "4.14: Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, Keystone XL Project, 5.3: Comparison of Alternatives", "Keystone XL Pipeline Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement", "EPA slams Keystone for 'significant' emissions and climate change impact", "EPA: Keystone XL Pipeline Will Impact Global Warming US News", "House Passes Keystone Bill Despite Obama's Opposition", "TransCanada Rebuts EPA Comments on Keystone XL Pipeline", Continued Support for Keystone XL Pipeline, "Americans favor Keystone XL pipeline, 2011-03-22", 56% See Keystone XL Pipeline As Good for the Economy, Public approves of Keystone pipeline project, "Enbridge Plans to Reverse Pipe Between Cushing and Houston", "Enterprise, Enbridge Propose Keystone Pipeline Alternative", "Seaway pipeline sends oil to Texas in historic reversal", "More Pipelines Needed to Follow Seaway's Path", "Keystone pipeline: TransCanada to Shorten Route and Bypass Federal Review", "Obama's Speedy Keystone Review Won't Accelerate Cushing Pipe", Alaska watches Canadians consider shipping tar sands oil across Arctic Ocean, "Enbridge Sees One-Year Delay in U.S. Approval for Cross-Border Oil Pipeline", "Independent refiner CVR sues TransCanada's Keystone Pipeline", "NRDC's Suit to Block Canada-US Oil Pipeline Thrown Out", "Enviros Sue to Stop Keystone Pipeline Project", TransCanada to launch NAFTA claim over Keystone rejection, "Keystone XL Pipeline Project: Key Issues", "Oil Sands and the Keystone XL Pipeline: Background and Selected Environmental Issues", "Keystone XL: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessments in the Final Environmental Impact Statement", "Presidential Permits for Border Crossing Energy Facilities", "Keystone XL Pipeline: Recent Developments", 2012 Presidential Permit application documents, 2017 Presidential Permit application documents, Interactive maps of Keystone XL route from Canadian border to Texas Gulf Coast, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keystone_Pipeline&oldid=1141581218, "While TransCanada estimates that the Keystone XL will have 11 significant spills, defined as more than 50 barrels (8m, "Analysis of the time needed to shut down the pipeline shows that response to a leak at a river crossing could conservatively take more than ten times longer than the 11 minutes and 30 seconds that TransCanada assumes. [54] In its response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. Suncor Energy hoped to recoup significant construction-related tolls, though the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission did not rule in their favor. In its November 11 response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. By September 29, 2015, TransCanada (later TC Energy) had dropped the lawsuit and acceded to the authority of elected, five-member Nebraska Public Service Commission, which has the state constitutional authority to approve gas and oil pipelines. And the risk that Keystone XL would have spilled was heightened because of the extended time the pipe segments were left sitting outside in stockpiles. Pipeline spills are not just an environmental concern. [15] Phase III has capacity to deliver up to 700,000 barrels (110,000m3) per day to the Texas refineries. Dirty energy lobbyists claimed developing tar sands would protect our national energy security and bring U.S. fuel prices down. [30], The original Keystone Pipeline cost US$5.2billion. In 2013, the first two phases had the capacity to deliver up to 590,000 barrels (94,000m3) per day of oil into the Midwest refineries. "[176], A USA Today editorial pointed out that the 2013 Lac-Mgantic derailment in Quebec, in which crude oil carried by rail cars exploded and killed 47 people,[178] highlights the safety of pipelines compared to truck or rail transport. [125] TransCanada's Pipeline Permit Application to the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission states project impacts that include potential physical disturbance, demolition or removal of "prehistoric or historic archaeological sites, districts, buildings, structures, objects, and locations with traditional cultural value to Native Americans and other groups".[126]. [5] Pipelines in the Keystone Pipeline System go through stress tests prior to use. When TC Energy said the pipeline would create nearly 119,000 jobs, a State Department report instead concluded the project would require fewer than 2,000 two-year construction jobs and that the number of full-time, permanent jobs would hover around 35 after construction. This dirty, dangerous oil, which is almost impossible to clean and affects the health of people, is bad news for our countryand the planet. Indeed, moving crude by rail to the Gulf costs substantially more than moving it by pipe. This is why we fight | Dallas Goldtooth", "Eminent Domain Fight Has a Canadian Twist", "Daryl Hannah freed following arrest in pipeline protest", "Pipeline Review Is Faced With Question of Conflict", "Keystone XL: State Department cleared of conflict, not ineptness", "Keystone XL pipeline report slammed by activists and scientists", "EXCLUSIVE: State Dept. [97][94] The order, however, did not affect any other present or future pipeline construction in the United States, and would be in force until the circuit court, and then the Supreme Court deliver their final rulings. [99], On June 9, 2021, the Keystone XL project was abandoned by its developer. [79], In March 2019, Trump revoked the prior permit and himself directly issued a new permit for the pipeline. Kerry found that there was a "perception" among foreigners that the project would increase greenhouse-gas emissions, and that, whether or not this perception was accurate, the decision would therefore "undercut the credibility and influence of the United States" in climate-change-related negotiations. [267], An Angus Reid Institute poll, published on March 9, 2017, showed that 48% of respondents across Canada supported the Keystone XL revival, while 33% opposed it, and 20% were uncertain. 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