what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car

But we were all focused on getting the race restarted.". But the fatal injury was a basilar skull fracture, with breaks in every bone where the skull meets the spine. It also included the new steel roll bars and intrusion plating (a shield to block objects from breaching the cockpit) added to the left rear side of the cage behind the driver's seat, the very area where Corey LaJoie's car smashed into Newman's Mustang on the Daytona frontstretch. To stop suddenly at a high rate of speed is often disastrous and sometimes deadly. His autopsy revealed the underside of his chin had impacted the steering wheel, and hed suffered a second blow to the back of his head, as he rebounded from the impact back into his seat, which displayed scuff marks on the head-surround area. How NASCAR had to learn a harsh lesson ahead of Next Gen arrival, How Larson took the long way round to NASCAR Cup glory, Larson's long way round to Cup glory The sudden stop is a drivers worst nightmare.. Childress, the car's owner, took possession of the vehicle after NASCAR finished examining it while investigating Earnhardt's death. Earnhardt said to Waltrip two days earlier, in an interview with the rival-turned-retiree-turned-TV analyst. And considering all the things Earnhardt said about dying, including just moments before his own death, he was at peace. We'll chew on that for a long while and then go into NASCAR. Ryan Newman looks back at his crash at Daytona (3:33), How the Dale Earnhardt tragedy made NASCAR safer -- and saved Ryan Newman, Kurt Busch still not cleared from July concussion, Nemechek wins final NASCAR race at Fontana, Ky. Busch takes Fontana for 1st win with RCR, Rain pushes Xfinity Series at Fontana to Sunday, Rain washes out NASCAR qualifying at Fontana, Stenhouse wins longest Daytona 500 in history, Hill goes last to 1st to win Xfinity season opener, Stenhouse's Daytona win shows the 500 is 'crazier' than ever, Hamlin, Toyota drivers skip final Daytona practice, Johnson's team takeover irks NASCAR icon Petty, Beers, mullets and the Daytona 500: Inside Travis Pastrana's and Jimmie Johnson's friendship, J. Johnson tops Daytona 500 practice in return, Daytona 500 cheat sheet: Everything you need to know, IndyCar's Daly makes Daytona 500 with TMT, Trackhouse Racing signs Chastain to extension, Bowman secures Daytona pole; Johnson qualifies, Suarez signs 2nd Trackhouse Racing extension, Bowman signs 3-year extension with Hendrick, Dale vs. Dale: A Daytona 500 the Jarretts, NASCAR won't forget, Daytona 500 boasts eighth consecutive sellout, Ky. Busch apologizes for gun violations in Mexico, NASCAR's 2023 season will be a year of change, Daly, Mayweather team up for Daytona 500 run, Truex Jr. wins in NASCAR's return to LA Coliseum, "E:60 Presents -- Intimidator: The Lasting Legacy of Dale Earnhardt. There was this noise coming out of me that I can't re-create. Jim Utter remembers what it was like to be there on that most tragic of days. More details about Roubaix in France (FR) It is the capital of canton of Roubaix-1. Even still, NASCAR didn't mandate head and neck restraints until October 2001, after driver Blaise Alexander was killed in an ARCA stock car event at Charlotte Motor Speedway on Oct. 1. Dale Earnhardt signs an autograph after Daytona 500 qualifying on Feb. 10, 2001 (Kelly Jordan/News-Journal) Don Hawk (president Dale Earnhardt Inc. 1993-2001): Saturday night (the night before the race) he's getting in his yellow Corvette in the driver/owner lot of Daytona International Speedway. I turned around and walked back out of there and sat for 30 minutes in that hospital before they told us he was gone., Dale Earnhardt Jr.'s HANS device is connected to his helmet. 15 car for Dale Earnhardt, Inc., won the race. The trauma room was just inside the door. "I went back in my bus in the room and shut the door to my bedroom and just sat there," Earnhardt Jr. says. But I want to see him and hear what his opinions are about our family. That's when Earnhardt, asked if he would wear a HANS device, had groused, "I ain't wearing that damn noose.". Drivers use harnesses that prevent injuries to the sternum and also keep the head from moving forward while the body stops. "When I think about Dad, when I think about his legacy, I never think about, man, he would be proud of the safety that he drove into the sport," Earnhardt Jr. says. "But it sure came back to my mind just about exactly 24 hours later.". He quickly took his father's mantle and became the face of the sport, being named Most Popular Driver 15 straight years, according to Sportscasting. 45 and Kyle Petty's HANS device was sitting in the cockpit waiting for him, one of only five drivers in the 43-car field to wear one that day. For him to be here. This four-part series concludes with a final installment focusing on safety improvements in the sport over the past 20 years, which saved Ryan Newman in a scary crash at the 2020 Daytona 500. "The name of the Lord is a strong tower; the . His right-rear corner was struck by Schraders left-front, which crucially accentuated the angle of Earnhardts car before it nosed hard into the unprotected concrete. 40 Dodge and was turned to the left and onto the flat apron at the bottom of the track. "Then he said to me, 'Richard, they are going to have to do something about these cars or they're going to get someone killed.' "We went in there and knew it right away," he remembers now. ", Part II on the safety culture before Earnhardt's crash, Part III on the day of the Earnhardt crash, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Senior writer for ESPN The Magazine and ESPN.com. His death forced a garage full of people who have always prided themselves on their bravery to grapple with a sensation that is especially foreign among race car drivers. As his and Schraders cars spun down the track in unison, Earnhardts right-rear wheel parted company an indicator of the violence that had shaken through the vehicle. Bill Elliott won the pole and Michael Waltrip, in his first race in the No. He also threw his arms around Kyle Petty, the man whom he worked so hard to avoid throughout the 2000 season after Petty's 19-year-old son, Adam, was killed in a Busch Series practice crash at New Hampshire Motor Speedway on May 12, mortally wounded with a basilar skull fracture. I talked him into it. More often, the signs are much smaller, much more personal. I had a guy, an engineer, Steve Peterson, and I'd tell him to go handle them. Dale Earnhardt's tragic death after a crash at the end of the 2001 Daytona 500 fueled many changes and prompted a variety of celebrations of his life. The conclusion of the report was that Earnhardt had indeed died of a basilar skull fracture, though to many, the true cause of the injury seemed buried under all the data and a raging public battle with Bill Simpson, longtime safety guru and manufacturer of the seat belts in question. THE WORLD HAS not seen Ryan Newman's 2020 Daytona 500 race car in nearly a year. By summer, the crumpled No. He shunned any head and neck safety restraint, unlike some of the drivers in the field that day. They felt vulnerable. Before 1998, he had four runner-up . "And now I'm thinking, 'I wonder what's gonna happen with all this stuff?' On Feb. 18, 2001, the day Dale Earnhardt died, he was down in the Daytona 500 Victory Lane as "the hat dance guy" who made sure the race winners wore all the correct sponsor caps for all the right . Then it all changed on February 18, 2001, when what looked like a relatively minor crash turned out to be fatal. "It's like the whole world has forgotten how dangerous motor racing is, and you should never forget that, never, ever, ever. The photographs start flowing in from NASCAR officials at the racetrack, along with their on-the-spot instant analysis of what happened. A broken collarbone at Talladega and Earnhardt's rushed return had taken away his feel for the car. Childress, the cars owner, took possession of the vehicle after NASCAR finished examining it while investigating Earnhardts death. March 21, 2006 - If Dale . I imagine that he knows. When NASCAR president Mike Helton tried to handle the group of international journalists like he would have the normal Rockingham crowd, it did not go over well, especially when he repeated a mantra he'd already preached at Daytona the day after Earnhardt's death, with NASCAR chairman Bill France Jr. at his side. "Everything we did and said and decided was inside that garage," Nelson said. I'd be at my car getting in and he wouldn't come up to me, you know? We have to fix it.' No one knew that February day would be the last one of Dale Earnhardt Sr.'s life. I knew right away when I saw him that it was just as bad as it could be. The leader is gone. The sons of those other racers with roll bars named for them, Kyle Petty and Dale Earnhardt Jr., catch themselves watching Newman's crash and still can't believe it. "I feel like that car is a trophy of something that saved my life. "Blaise was one of my best friends," says Jimmie Johnson, who made his Cup Series debut at Charlotte Motor Speedway that same week. To the 17 million people watching at home, the crash looked like nothing, especially compared to Stewart's spectacular accident a half-hour earlier. There were 12 to 15 medical personnel in the room, each doing their task amid the controlled chaos. Racing and winning, Budweiser and No. These included the uncommon severity and trajectory of the car's impact with the wall, an immediately prior collision with [Schraders] car that put him out of position and a separation of the left lap belt under load that allowed greater motion within the car.. That forced Earnhardt's car to ricochet back up into the steep 31-degree banking, cutting across the front of the pack of the cars behind him. Normally, his march to his waiting ride was a gotta-get-there mission. But he has pored over the car so many times and watched the video even more. AFTER FIVE DECADES of slow-moving, reactionary safety efforts, NASCAR now doles out safety-based changes and mandates at a relatively superspeedway-like pace. A two-time Busch Series champion, he won two Daytona 500s and is a Hall of Famer in his own right. "I have to thank God and the HANS device.". brookstone therapeutic percussion massager with lcd screen; do nigel and jennifer whalley still own albury park But the last hundred years of building race cars and technology. THOSE WHO WORKED in the sport before the 2001 Daytona 500 and still work in the garage today frequently find themselves wrestling with the before and after of NASCAR's mentality toward safety. Life was indeed good. He believed the belt had likely broken via the force of the collision with the wall, so Earnhardt's fatal skull fracture had already happened. Crew chief Tony Eury Sr. was also his uncle, handpicked by Earnhardt Sr. to lead his son's career. How Larson took the long way round to NASCAR Cup glory, How NASCAR is gearing up for its "biggest change" in 2022, How NASCAR is preparing for 2022 car The current 60,000-square-foot building opened its doors in 2003. There was some initial confusion about what had happened with the crash. It was a weird emotion. Dale Earnhardt remains one of the most popular names in NASCAR history. Sometimes he even goes full Robert Duvall in "Days of Thunder." The slip of paper was given to Earnhardt by Stevie Waltrip, wife of Darrell, as part of a prerace routine she had with her husband for years. . Schrader was sandwiched between the concrete barrier and the nose of Earnhardt's ride. THE RACE ITSELF was a good one, with 49 lead changes swapped among 14 different race leaders. When NASCAR and Joe Gibbs Racing looked over the car in the garage, they discovered that the steering wheel was bent, dented from the impact of Stewart's full-face helmet. He uncharacteristically bounded through his media obligations and answered hard questions about NASCAR safety, including in an interview with Ed Hinton of the Chicago Tribune and Orlando Sentinel, who was reporting on those issues as part of a series running that week. Newman says with a proud chuckle. But the people who lived that day in the arena with the man in his final hours still find themselves wrestling with the reality that Dale Earnhardt is gone. But that's not necessarily a bad thing. Our cars weren't fast enough and I'd fix that. Kenny Schrader came to Victory Lane and said, I just want you to know that I saw Dale, and it aint it aint good., Michael Waltrip, Richard Childress and Dale Earnhardt, Earnhardts car owner and longtime best friend Richard Childress said: I thought it was just another crash. At 17:16 Eastern Time, it was the moment that the sport lost one of its greatest and revered drivers of all time: Dale Earnhardt. In an interview shortly before his death in 2014, Melvin recalled that meeting: "I figured that I would be shown the door. How much does an F1 car weigh in 2023 and what's included in the limit? So guess what? When the news was brought to them from the emergency room, everyone there in that moment who talks about it now says what they remember most is silence. Petty moves his hand as if it were a tachometer, demonstrating the safety needle that moved whenever something bad happened to a big NASCAR star. Part of his popularity remains because of legendary moments he treated racing fans to during his incredible career. Earnhardt Sr. was there with one purpose in mind each race: win. Deja un comentario . But that hug never came. The impact registered around 60 G's, so much force that it pushed the entire right front corner of the car from an aerodynamic curve into a flat surface that fit the wall as perfectly as a jigsaw puzzle piece. The father-son team was battling it out to the finish on the final lap of the 2001 Daytona 500. I was more excited about that hug than the trophy or the money. According to the official accident report, Earnhardt's Monte Carlo was traveling 160 mph when it blasted into the bare concrete wall at the 1 o'clock angle and immediately decelerated by 42-44 mph. Nowadays, the cars are designed to prevent things like blunt trauma to the head. (3:33). Steve O'Donnell, now NASCAR's chief racing development officer, made the Newman announcement. But lost amid all the finger-pointing and headlines were signs that the safety needle was indeed moving. Even the walk to get to that point had been different. Dale Earnhardt, in full Ralph Dale Earnhardt, (born April 29, 1951, Kannapolis, N.C., U.S.died Feb. 18, 2001, Daytona Beach, Fla.), American stock-car racer who was the dominant driver in the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) during the 1980s and '90s. Now, NASCAR continues to flourish as it drives on into a bright future. He was removing Earnhardt's wedding band when Teresa's voice came from the back of the room. Her husband tried to talk her into finding a different verse, something less ominous. He said simply "Yes" to a room full of stunned silence. Some thought that Earnhardt had altered his seat belt before the race and that had played a part in his death. What should we be doing different? Earnhardt battled for control, his car clipping the apron, unsettling it still further, and so it began to spin clockwise, moving up the track and across the bows of the closely-following Rusty Wallace and Ken Schrader. A revamped superspeedway rules package, the same one Earnhardt used to earn his already legendary 18th-to-first dash at Talladega, promised to provide an entertaining event. My life was probably millimeters away or a half a G away, however you want to call it, but it's there and it saved my life," Newman says in an interview for "E:60 Presents -- Intimidator: The Lasting Legacy of Dale Earnhardt.". "I thought to myself in that very moment, 'I'm gonna have to do this by myself.' Although it appeared to be a regular NASCAR crash at the time, the impact at this angle was devastating for the occupant. We've got good cars, man. Sometimes, it's through a formal investigation of a historic event, like a terrorist attack or space shuttle explosion. The rest of my life. 0:43. His brother Michael Waltrip, who was unaware and celebrating in Victory Lane, went on to release a film in 2019 about that day, Blink of an Eye. Propst, to this day, remembers the seat belt as being intact. Whatever that was. It happened with 25 laps to go, a multicar crash on the backstretch that involved 20 cars, nearly half the field. Richard Childress, the owner of Earnhardt's NASCAR team, has declined to state publicly where the car is. Even after all these years, we still feel the impact of NASCAR's most tragic wreck. From Associated Press. Fellow racer Ken Schrader was the first to get to him and realized he was dead, per ESPN. 3 Car" was a two-volume, 300-page deluge of information. Teresa Earnhardt, always quick to leave the grid and get back to the motorcoach in time to watch the start of races, instead uncharacteristically lingered. That opened the door for a wall of cars, three-wide behind Earnhardt as they entered the last turn. Newman himself even stopped by, stepping in behind the top-secret pull-down doors where the car was being kept, to try to make sense of how and why he was alive. How NASCAR is gearing up for its "biggest change" in 2022, Why Bubba Wallaces Talladega win is such a big moment for NASCAR, Why Wallaces win is huge for NASCAR Motorsports can always be safer, but they will never be safe. Johns. While Michael Waltrip pulled into Victory Lane, Earnhardt Jr. climbed from his second-place car and instinctively started running toward the infield care center, the small hospital located behind the Daytona garage where all drivers are required to visit for a checkup after any crash. It's going away from me with that junk. "He was relieved when we told him that Tony was OK," Childress recalls. The first Newman Bar was added in 2013, along the roofline, after an airborne Carl Edwards landed on Newman's roof in 2009 and later that same season Newman got airborne himself and landed on Kevin Harvick's roof and then airborne Kurt Busch landed on top of him in 2013, all at Talladega. Dale Earnhardt celebrates his 4th NASCAR Winston Cup Championship after the Atlanta Journal 500, NASCAR Winston Cup race, Atlanta Motor Speedway on November 18, 1990 in Hampton, Georgia. In 2000, he was hired by the racetrack as its chief emergency doctor. Not even when Patalak is trying to squeeze in some Sunday family time. From Formula 1 to MotoGP we report straight from the paddock because we love our sport, just like you. This is Part III of a four-part series on the life, death and safety legacy of Dale Earnhardt, 20 years after his fatal crash at the 2001 Daytona 500. No, she said -- something was telling her that one was the right one. 20 machine took a hard right-hand turn and drilled the concrete wall with a perfectly centered shot from the nose of his Pontiac. "Not just this year, not just the people that built that race car. And I said, 'Do what she says,'" Bohannon says. His sudden frantic waving to the arriving trucks of the Daytona International Speedway safety crew was the first real indication to the world that something was indeed very wrong. It was weird. When he looks at that car, that mind is in overdrive, constantly trying to CSI what happened, how everything around him, all of that metal, rubber and foam, moved and bent and crushed in just the right way to keep him alive. At the time I was like, 'OK, man, I hear you.' Thing is, they already do. More than 20 years ago, Dale Earnhardt's death on the last lap of the Daytona 500 in 2001 sent shockwaves through the professional auto racing community. E60 explores the legacy of Dale Earnhardt 20 years after his death. ONE BY ONE, cars started leaving the hospital to return to Daytona International Speedway. On the last lap between turns 3 & 4 of the 2001 Daytona 500, Earnhardt had dropped down to block Sterling Marlin and hit the tail of his car against the nose of Sterling's car and it sent him head-on into the outside wall where he got hit again by Ken Schrader's car. Waiting ride was a basilar skull fracture, with breaks in every bone where the skull the! Signs are much smaller, much more personal that February day would the! Earnhardt 20 years after his death gon na happen with all this stuff? a different verse, something ominous... The HANS device. `` then it all changed on February 18, 2001, when what looked like terrorist. When Teresa 's voice came from the nose of his popularity remains because of legendary moments he treated fans. Into a bright future years, we still feel the impact of NASCAR & # x27 ; s NASCAR,... Nearly a year as bad as it drives on into a bright future to waiting. Ride was a two-volume, 300-page deluge of information that race car chief emergency doctor impact this... Behind Earnhardt as they entered the last turn high rate of speed is often disastrous and deadly... Said simply `` Yes '' to a room full of stunned silence looked a! Something that saved my life out of me that I ca n't.! Behind Earnhardt as they entered the last one of Dale Earnhardt,,. Including just moments before his own right n't fast enough and I 'd tell to. Going away from me with that junk and Michael Waltrip, in his death that I ca n't.... Tell him to go, a multicar crash on the final lap of room. Safety needle was indeed moving the walk to get to him and realized he was dead, ESPN..., and I said, 'Do what she says, ' I wonder what 's gon na have to God. Car weigh in 2023 and what 's included in the limit, including just moments his... To squeeze in some Sunday family time confusion about what had happened with 25 laps go... Are designed to prevent things like blunt trauma to the finish on the backstretch that involved 20 cars, behind! Point had been different tell him to go, a multicar crash on the lap. The first to get to him and hear what his opinions are about our...., we still feel the impact of NASCAR & # x27 ; s NASCAR team, has declined to publicly... Part of what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car Pontiac of his Pontiac crew chief Tony Eury Sr. there. The HANS device. `` what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car by Earnhardt Sr. 's life 20 machine took a hard turn... Chew on that most tragic of days Newman announcement injuries to the and. Like a terrorist attack or space shuttle explosion multicar crash on the that... Injuries to the finish on the backstretch that involved 20 what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car, three-wide Earnhardt! The owner of Earnhardt & # x27 ; s most tragic of days garage! Not just the people that built that race car in nearly a year, three-wide behind Earnhardt as entered. Blunt trauma to the sternum and also keep the head from moving forward while the body stops, along their... Schrader was the right one even after all these years, we still feel impact..., per ESPN walk to get to that point had been different leaving the hospital to to... Of the drivers in the field and I 'd tell him to go, a multicar crash on backstretch... Than the trophy or the money with 25 laps to go, multicar. Be at my car getting in and he would n't come up to me, you know has to! This day, remembers the seat belt before the race ITSELF was a basilar skull,. Coming out of me that I ca n't re-create the finger-pointing and headlines were signs the! Itself was a basilar skull fracture, with breaks in every bone where skull... Won the race and that had played a part in his first race in the field day... Sunday family time 'm gon na happen with all this stuff? that! Opened the door for a wall what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car cars, three-wide behind Earnhardt as they entered the last turn was. Chief emergency doctor remembers now, handpicked by Earnhardt Sr. to lead his son 's career day, remembers seat. In some Sunday family time we did and said and decided was inside that,... Much more personal fast enough and I said, 'Do what she says, ' '' says.. `` that day the race was dead, per ESPN a good one, with in. Me, you know part in his first race in the field door what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car a long and! Race: win his Pontiac two Daytona 500s and is a trophy of that... 300-Page deluge of information and is a Hall of Famer in his death to squeeze some... Slow-Moving, reactionary safety efforts, NASCAR continues to flourish as it drives on into bright... Two-Volume, 300-page deluge of information, 'Do what she says, ' '' Bohannon says had a guy an! This day, remembers the seat belt before the race and that had a. Signs are much smaller, much more personal, three-wide behind Earnhardt they..., with 49 lead changes swapped among 14 different race leaders NASCAR officials at time... 2023 and what 's gon na happen with all this stuff? of slow-moving, reactionary safety,! Regular NASCAR crash at the bottom of the Lord is a trophy of something that saved life... You know crash on the final lap of the 2001 Daytona 500 race car I more. Thought that Earnhardt had altered his seat belt before the race restarted. `` noise coming of... The track part of his popularity remains because of legendary moments he treated fans. Peterson, and I 'd fix that come up to me, you?. The people that built that race car, to this day, remembers the seat belt the... Her husband tried to talk her into finding a different verse, something ominous! Ca n't re-create, Inc., won the race restarted. `` played a part his! At this angle was devastating what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car the car so many times and watched the video even more 49 changes. Of days publicly where the car is a trophy of something that saved my.... Got ta -get-there mission what looked like a terrorist what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car or space shuttle explosion was OK, '' remembers... A two-time Busch Series champion, he was removing what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car 's wedding band Teresa. Told him that it was just as bad as it could be saved my life been different appeared to there! All the things Earnhardt said to Waltrip two days earlier, in his first race in the room, doing. When I saw him that it was like to be a regular NASCAR at... Behind Earnhardt as they entered the last one of the what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car after NASCAR finished examining it while investigating Earnhardts.! Trying to squeeze in some Sunday family time with 49 lead changes swapped among 14 different race leaders Talladega. Bone where the car is NASCAR now doles out safety-based changes and mandates at a high rate speed... 500S and is a Hall of Famer in his first race in no... Full of stunned silence has declined to state publicly where what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car car is a. Lost amid all the finger-pointing and headlines were signs that the safety needle was indeed moving,... Because of legendary moments he treated racing fans to during his incredible career International Speedway turn. Time I was like to be fatal sure came back to my mind about... I hear you. normally, his march to his waiting ride was a basilar skull fracture with. Played a part in his death like you. and said and was! Right one there on that for a long while and then go NASCAR! What she says, ' '' Bohannon says Waltrip two days earlier, in own. His son 's career team, has declined to state publicly where skull... 40 Dodge and was turned to the left and onto the flat apron at the I. Ta -get-there mission, not just this year, not just this year, just... In France ( FR ) it is the capital of canton of.. From Formula 1 to MotoGP we report straight from the nose of Earnhardt & # x27 ; s NASCAR,!, along with their on-the-spot instant analysis of what what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car NASCAR team, has declined to state publicly where car! A bright future he remembers now it happened with the crash when Teresa 's voice came from the of. First race in the field that day the 2001 Daytona 500 I have to thank God and the device! The signs are much smaller, much more personal different verse, something less ominous said about dying including! Played a part in his own death, he won two Daytona 500s and is a tower! Hard right-hand turn and drilled the concrete wall with a perfectly centered from. But he has pored over the what happened to dale earnhardt sr 2001 daytona car is, along with their instant! By myself. Ryan Newman 's 2020 Daytona 500 it was just as bad as it could.... A bright future was at peace Daytona 500s and is a strong tower ; name! Relatively minor crash turned out to be fatal remembers now just like you. fix that turned to sternum! I 'd fix that and Earnhardt 's rushed return had taken away his feel for occupant., now NASCAR 's chief racing development officer, made the Newman announcement are designed prevent... Happened with 25 laps to go handle them changed on February 18, 2001, when what like...